The intrauterine device is a small, T-shaped piece of plastic that is placed in a woman’s uterus to prevent pregnancy. One type of IUD is wrapped in copper and can remain in the uterus for as long as 10 years. A second type gives off small amounts of the hormone progesterone for added effectiveness. It must be removed after 1 year.
Not all women can use an IUD. If you have had an infection like gonorrhea, chlamydia, or PID, you may not be able to use the IUD. The IUD is best for women who are in long-term, monogamous relationships.
The intrauterine device does not protect against STDs.
The best time to have an IUD put into your uterus is when you are having your period, so you are sure you are not pregnant. It is also easier to insert it then. This is done during a pelvic examination by a doctor or nurse.
After the IUD is in place, a short string will hang down through the cervix into the back of your vagina. With your finger, you should check for the IUD string once a month. If the string is not there, if you can feel the plastic part of the IUD, or if the device comes out, you must call your clinic right away.
WHO SHOULD NOT USE AN INTRAUTERINE DEVICE
You are advised to choose another contraceptive if you have:
- An active or recurrent sexually transmitted disease or other pelvic infection, or a history of STDs or pelvic inflammatory disease
- More than one sexual partner
- A sexual partner who has intercourse with others
- An ectopic pregnancy in the past
- Undiagnosed, abnormal vaginal bleeding
- A condition, such as AIDS or leukemia, that may make you more susceptible to infection, Wilson’s disease or an allergy to copper
NOTE: Do not try to remove the IUD yourself or even attempt to tug on the string - if you pull at the wrong angle, you can cut or otherwise injure your cervix.